In an article published in the 28th in Science, an international team of researchers pointed out that indium tin oxide (ITO) can achieve optical nonlinearities hundreds of times higher than other materials and is expected to be used in many photonics applications in the future.
Compared with the electronic, photon transmission of information with parallel processing capability, computing speed, low energy consumption and other advantages. To make the best use of photons, scientists need to control their "every move" as they pass through the material. One way to do this is to adjust the refractive index of the material so that the light passes through the material faster or slower. Some materials change their refractive index - optical nonlinearity depending on the difference in light intensity (low energy light or high energy laser). In the field of photonics, the higher the optical nonlinearity, the more attractive to scientists.
The team led by Robert Boyd, a professor at the University of Rochester, found that materials commonly used in touch screens and aircraft windows, indium tin oxide, achieve particularly high optical nonlinearities. Under certain conditions, ITO samples can achieve optical non-linearities many hundreds of times more than other materials.
In addition, some materials quickly return to their original refractive index after the passage of photons, while others may remain fresh. If a material can be faster to make this adjustment, for most applications is very helpful. The ability of materials to alter their own refractive index, the greater the range of photon velocities through them, allowing scientists to have greater control over the photonic functions that are widely used in many fields, such as microscopy and data processing.
In its latest research, ITO returned to its original refractive index within 360 femtoseconds (1 femtosecond for 1 trillionth of a second).
Isreal deLion, a research collaborator at Monterrey University of Technology in Mexico, explains that this particular condition is related to light with a wavelength of about 1.2 microns, which is between visible light and light at a wavelength of 1.5 microns , Of photonic communication is of great significance.
Sodick Eisena, a photonics specialist at the University of California, San Diego, said the latest research will undoubtedly have a major impact on the field of photonics, especially in the field of silicon nanophotonics.
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