The vast majority of Chinese non-metallic mineral products roughing oversupply of certain minerals section of deep-processed products to be imported from abroad. Recently, due to the impact of the Southeast Asian financial crisis, the export of non-metallic mineral products has been greatly affected, prices have fallen, and market demand has grown slowly. In the future, the world's demand for non-metallic minerals will shift to developing countries.
First, the supply and demand situation
1. Metallurgical non-metallic mineral resources
China's metallurgical auxiliary raw materials are rich in non-metallic mineral resources. Among them, magnesite and fluorite have large reserves and good quality, and are China's dominant minerals. Fireclay addition to meeting domestic demand, exports are still capable of hundreds of tons per year; consumption of magnesite ore processing with its main product - and magnesia light burning magnesium in the form of annual steel industry and other industrial sectors need magnesia nearly 1.1 million t, 240,000 t light burning magnesium, a total of 1.34 million t, according to 1t magnesia light burning magnesium or fold ore 2. 3t meter, totaling 3.08 million t of magnesite, the current Chinese production of more than 700 million t per year the capacity and output, not only can guarantee the domestic needs, but also a large number of export; fluorite annual production (up to 4805 million t in 1996.) in the more than two million t, annual export volume of over 1.1 million t.
2. Non-metallic mineral resources for chemical industry
Among the non-metallic minerals used in China's chemical industry, potassium resources are scarce. Domestic potash can only meet 10% of demand , and long-term dependence on imports. Insufficient domestic supply of phosphorus fertilizer, some still need to import. Of sulfur production from a number of chemical, nonferrous metals, coal, etc., Sulfur products are mainly used to meet domestic needs, especially in the fertilizer industry. Boron mine production increased significantly in recent years, but still has to import every year the number of boron and its related products tons. In 1996 my homemade salt 2 9.324 million t, 2 spent 5.761 million t, production than sales.
3. Building materials non-metallic mineral resources
Non-metallic minerals of building materials are mostly China's dominant minerals except for diamonds . At present, 50 kinds of minerals have been developed and utilized . Among them, cement limestone, glass siliceous raw materials, graphite , talc , gypsum , bentonite and other mineral reserves are abundant, and development and utilization are good. Insufficient reserves of high-quality kaolin, insufficient supply of high-grade paper-making kaolin, still need a small amount of imports.
Second, the situation of foreign exchange earning
The non-metallic mineral industry has developed into an important export earning industry in China. Export commodities such as talc, graphite, magnesium products and fluorite dominate the international market, and export potentials such as stone, wollastonite , barite , kaolin and calcium carbonate. Very big. According to MOFTEC statistics, China and some non-metallic mineral products of total exports in 1996 reached $ 2.154 billion, accounting for exports of US $ 51.97 billion of 1.42%, a relatively large share of exports of magnesium products, alum Soil, talc, fluorite, graphite, barite, wollastonite, etc., the export value of products accounted for 30% to 40% of the world trade volume of similar products , ranking among the best in the world. Exports of mineral products in the past, the vast majority of raw ore, low-tech, such as the total value of exports in 1986, 86% of ore and semi-finished products, finished products accounted for only 134% low foreign exchange benefits.; Again in 1993, China exported a total non-electrical 2 333t, amount of foreign exchange 2,739,000 US dollars or other carbon graphite products, although imports only 551t, but use of foreign exchange up to $ 4.866 million, the foreign trade deficit of US $ 2.127 million. By 1996 , the proportion of fines of finished products and various meshes in export value rose to about 50% , and the structure of export products became more reasonable.
China's non-metallic mines are mainly exported to Japan, the United States, South Korea and Hong Kong, China, Japan is the largest importer. China's granite slabs account for a large share of non-metallic mineral exports, generally exceeding 20% .
China and graphite products enjoy a high reputation in the world, exporting to more than 40 countries and regions, exports accounted for about 40% to 50% of international trade in recent years, Japan's imports of graphite from China accounted for China exports 40 % . Chinese fluorite ranking in the world market dominance, Japan is the first importer of Chinese fluorspar in 1997 imported 422 million t fluorite from China, accounting for 328% of the total Chinese fluorspar exports;.. Followed by the US imports in 1997 was 342 000 t, accounting for 32.8 percent of China's total exports. China is a major exporter of barite, and China accounts for 70% of the US imports . The traditional export market for Chinese talc is Northeast Asia, Southeast Asia, North America and the European Community, of which Japan is the largest importer of Chinese talc. In 1996 China's kaolin exports amounted to 882 000 t, the major market for Japan, Korea, France, China's Hong Kong and Taiwan.
Due to the economic crisis in Southeast Asia in recent years and the slow growth of demand for non-metallic minerals in the international market, some non-metallic mineral demand has declined; some countries have changed from simple export raw materials to export deep-processing products, so the competition is fierce; coupled with domestic blind production development, the formation of More than the situation.
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