There are nearly 60 glass-silver raw material mines officially mined in China, and there are about 100 small-scale local mines. About half of the mines that are regularly mined are mines owned by the glass factory, and the resources are highly reliable, which is equivalent to a workshop of the glass factory. In 1997, the total output of China's glass siliceous raw materials was about 8.5 to 9 million t/a (including the total amount of daily glass). Since the glass industry requires high purity of siliceous raw materials, attention should be paid to the choice of transportation methods and transportation tools to avoid or reduce the pollution of raw materials during transportation. From the mining point of view, the glass siliceous raw material ore can be divided into two types: “rock†and “sandâ€. The mining of the two types of deposits is described below.
1. mining method and scale of mining division <br> rocks deposits are now almost are all open-pit mining, open-pit mining and most of the slopes, such as quartzite mine in Luoyang Fangshan, Hebei Lei Zhuang sandstone mine, Pingdingshan Benxi small quartz rock, Liaoning Weiweizi sandstone mine, Hanzhong sandstone mine, Suzhou Qingmingshan sandstone mine, Anhui Fengyang Laoqingshan quartzite mine, etc., the first three, the mining scale is large, 200-300,000 t / a. The scale of mining of glass siliceous materials in the 1993 edition of the Technical and Economic Handbook is as follows (Table below)
However, this scale division has not adapted to the requirements of the development of the flat glass industry. A 500 t-class float glass production line, the production of siliceous material mines is 14 to 150,000 tons per year, and enterprises with more than two float glass production lines have Nearly 10 companies have more than 4 float production lines, and each year requires about 600,000 tons of silicon raw materials. Therefore, the establishment of a large-scale silicon raw material supply base meets the requirements of intensive and large-scale production. [next]
2. Pioneering transportation
Rock type deposits mostly use road development and automobile transportation, such as Fangyang quartzite mine in Luoyang, using dump truck transportation of Yellow River 7t and traffic 15t; Hebei Leizhuang sandstone mine and Benxi Xiaopingdingshan quartzite mining TATRA.148 type 15t from Unloading the car. Due to the small scale of mining and the high surface level, a few mines use slope hoisting tunnels. For example, the Weiyuanzi sandstone mine in Lingyuan, Liaoning Province is a hillside open pit mine with an elevation difference of 160m. The slope is 533m long and is lifted by a single-cylinder hoist with a diameter of 2m and a motor power of 180kW. The mine car uses a 1.1m 3 dump truck, and the number of cars per row is 4, and the annual ore volume is 60,000 tons. Since the ore contains SiO 2 is extremely high, the dust is large during the ore discharge. Although various dust removal measures are still difficult to achieve the national control requirements for SiO 2 in the dust, it is generally necessary to avoid the use of the flat shaft.
3. Mining technology <br> The sandstone and quartzite ore of rock deposits have large solidity coefficient, f=18～20, ore density 2.5～2.6t/m 3 , looseness coefficient 1.5～1.6. Due to the high silicon content, it is necessary to pay attention to dust removal during mining. The mining face must be wet rock drilling, and the funnel ore method which is easy to generate dust should be avoided.
Mining process: rock drilling - blasting - mining - working surface transportation. YQ.150 type down-the-hole drilling rig for rock drilling , such as Luoyang Fangshan Mine, Hebei Leizhuang Mine, Liaoning Weiweizi Mine. Ammonium nitrate explosives for blasting, the consumption of explosives is relatively large, the unit consumption is 0.45kg/m 3 , the Y24 type hand-held rock drill for secondary blasting; the 1m 3 electric excavator for mining work, such as Fangshan Mine of Luoyang, Leizhuang, Hebei Mines, Lingyuan Weiqizi Mine, Benxi Xiaopingdingshan Mine are all; working face transportation and development of transportation are connected with cars or mine cars; auxiliary work, flat field, cleaning and other bulldozers.
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