At present, in Russia and CIS countries beneficiation plant mainly mined ore preselection with a heavy media separation and dry magnetic separation. A drum type heavy medium sorting machine (30t/h), a tapered heavy medium sorting machine (500t/h) and a ring-shaped heavy medium sorting machine (700t/h) have been manufactured with a preselected particle size of -150+6mm. poor ore (ferrous metals, non-ferrous metals, rare metals, precious metals and stones).
Ukrainian company central mining iron ore with a preselected 1-90 / 250 single-roll dry magnetic separator. The ore contains 29.5% of total iron and 18.2% of magnetic bismuth. After dry magnetic pre-selection, the yield is 20.5%, the tailings with magnetic iron content of 3.9%, and the grade of magnetic iron of concentrate is increased by 3.6%. The processing capacity of the sorting machine is 300-350 t/h.
Radiation beneficiation, also known as ore automatic picking, is a method of separating ore from waste rock by using the difference between the reaction of the ore and waste rock containing the element, or the difference in radioactivity. Russia has conducted extensive research in this regard. Radio waves, infrared light, ultraviolet light, X-rays, gamma rays, and neutrons are used as the radiation source during sorting. Manufactured radio wave sorter, infrared sorter, photoelectric sorter, X-ray radiation sorter, X-ray fluorescence sorter, gamma scatter sorter, 7 absorption scatter sorter and neutron activation sorting machine. Non-ferrous metal ore, ferrous metal ore, rare metal ore and non-metallic ore are sorted by radiation separation.
Ore preparation based on radiation sampling, sorting and sorting is promising. The optional study of non-ferrous metals, ferrous metals, rare metal ores and chemical raw materials proves that radiant beneficiation can remove discarded products with a yield of 20% to 50%, which can be used as building materials. At the same time, the useful component grade of the ore entering the ore dressing plant is increased by 30% to 90%, and the method can also treat the off-balance sheet ore. This process (X-ray fluorescence picking) has been effectively used in the pre-selection of diamond ore by the Russian company ÐЛРОСÐ. In recent years, the All-Russian Institute of Chemical Technology has been dedicated to the development of high-efficiency sorting technology for bulk materials. This method can separate waste stones from the materials to be selected, with an efficiency of 0.75 to 0.90. The process combines screening, washing and sorting in one unit. The production of this universal sorter has been prepared and is produced by the mechanical plant of ВолжÑк. The payback period for new technology investments is 6 months.
Russia has conducted different sorting methods (such as X-ray radiation method, X-ray fluorescence method, photoelectric separation method, light absorption method, etc.) on more than 150 metal ores and non-metallic ores in China. The test results show that radiation picking can discard an average of 20% to 60% of large tailings. More than 1,000 X-ray fluorescence pickers have been used in Russian concentrators (Figure 1). In April 2003, the "First Russian X-ray Radiation Sorting Conference" was held. According to the meeting, according to the technical level and economic benefits, X-ray radiation sorting method will be widely recognized by mining and metallurgical enterprises.
Figure 1 PCM-10 ore picker (10t/h for processing -50mm ore)
X-ray radiation sorting can pre-select lean ore and off-balance ore. Increase the ore grade of the ore dressing plant and increase the economic benefits of the concentrator. Gold, molybdenum , polymetallic ore, tin ore, chrome ore, silver ore, rare metal ore, magnesite ore, sillimanite ore, fluorite can be pre-selected with СРРЛ-150/40 X-ray radiation sorting machine. Ore and coal . The X-ray radiation sorting process consists of ore preparation (crushing, sieving) and sorting systems. The ore is crushed to below 150mm and sieved into two grades of -150+40mm and -40mm. The -150+40mm fractional X-ray radiation sorting tailings yield was 36% and the tailings recovery was 12%. The concentrate yield is 24% and the -40mm fraction yield is 40%. The profit of -150+40mm grain-level pre-selected concentrate and -40mm grain-level concentrator can be increased by 21.47%; -150+40mm grain-level pre-selected concentrate can be processed into the concentrator, and the profit of the concentrator can be increased by 48.47%.
Lovikov treated pegmatites by X-ray fluorescence separation to produce quartz - feldspar concentrates. The ЛСМ X-ray fluorescence sorting machine processes -50+10mm grain-sized pegmatite with a treatment capacity of 5-10t/h and a power consumption of 1.2kWh/t. After X-ray fluorescence separation of raw ore, the content of fine plagioclase in the concentrate is increased by 2 times, the content of plagioclase is reduced by 4/5, and the content of quartz is more reduced. The concentrate K20/Na2O value is doubled.
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