Composite ion-conducting membrane for long-life zinc-based flow battery developed by Dalian Institute of Chemical Industry

[ Instrument Network Instrument R & D ] Recently, Li Xianfeng and Zhang Huamin, researchers at the Energy Storage Technology Research Department (DNL17) of the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, have made new progress in the research of composite ion conductive membranes for long-life zinc-based flow batteries.
Because of its low cost, high safety, and environmental friendliness, zinc-based flow battery (ZFBs) energy storage technology has shown good application prospects in the field of distributed energy storage. However, due to the problem of zinc dendrite / zinc accumulation, the development of such batteries is limited by poor cycle life and poor charge and discharge performance. The ion-conducting membrane can regulate the morphology of zinc deposition and inhibit the growth of dendrites, and plays an important role in improving the cycling stability of the battery. Earlier, the research team found that the regulation of zinc deposition direction and morphology can be achieved through the charging characteristics of the membrane material, thereby greatly improving the area capacity and cycle stability of the zinc-based flow battery.
Boron nitride is chemically resistant and is not attacked by inorganic acids and water. The boron-nitrogen bond is broken in a hot concentrated base. Oxidation in the air begins at temperatures above 1200 ° C. The melting point is 3000 ° C, and sublimation begins at a temperature slightly below 3000 ° C. Decomposition started at about 2700 ° C under vacuum. Slightly soluble in hot acid, insoluble in cold water, relative density is 2.25. The compressive strength is 170 MPa. The maximum operating temperature is 900 ° C in an oxidizing atmosphere and 2800 ° C in an inactive reducing atmosphere, but the lubrication performance is poor at normal temperature. Most properties of boron carbide are better than carbon materials. For hexagonal boron nitride: very low friction coefficient, good high temperature stability, good thermal shock resistance, high strength, high thermal conductivity, low expansion coefficient, large resistivity, corrosion resistance, microwave or Infrared.
Based on the previous research work, this work introduced boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) with high thermal conductivity and high mechanical strength into a porous base membrane to prepare a composite ion conductive membrane. On the one hand, BNNSs for the negative electrode can effectively improve the surface temperature distribution of the electrode and further adjust the morphology of zinc deposition; on the other hand, its high mechanical strength can effectively prevent the excessive growth of zinc dendrites from causing damage to the film material. The synergy can significantly increase the cycle life of the battery.
Thermal conduction is based on the thermal movement of electrons, atoms, molecules and lattices in a material to transfer heat. However, different materials have different main thermal conduction mechanisms and different effects. In general, the thermal conductivity of metals is greater than that of non-metals, and the thermal conductivity of pure metals is greater than alloys. Among the three states of matter, the solid state has the highest thermal conductivity, the liquid state has the second, and the gaseous state has the smallest. For example, the thermal conductivity of ice, water, and water vapor at 0 ° C under standard atmospheric pressure are 2.22W / (m · K), 0.55W / (m? K), and 0.183W / (m? K), respectively.
The heat conduction of metals mainly depends on the thermal movement of free electrons, and the thermal conductivity of metal materials with good electrical conductivity is also large. Metal thermal conductivity ranges from 2.3 to 420W / (m? K), and silver is 420W / (m · K). However, when other elements are added to the pure metal to become an alloy, the insertion of these elements severely hinders the movement of free electrons, which greatly reduces the thermal conductivity. For example, λ = 398W / (m? K) for pure copper. After adding 30% zinc, pure copper becomes brass, and λ is only 109W (m? K).
Alkaline zinc-iron flow battery assembled with this membrane can stably run for 500 charge / discharge cycles (approximately 800 h) under a current density of 80 mA / cm2 without significant attenuation. Even at a current density of 200 mA / cm2, the energy efficiency exceeds 80%. The research results have important reference significance for the regulation of zinc anode in zinc-based batteries.
Source: Encyclopedia, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics

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